Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is the old name given to encompass a broad range of infections passed primarily through sexual contact. Sexually transmitted infections have largely replaced the term STD to reduce the stigma and discrimination associated with the term STD.



These diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites, and they manifest in various ways. Common bacterial STIs include Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, and Syphilis, while viral STDs include Herpes, Human Papillomavirus (HPV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Parasites causing STIs include Trichomoniasis. Understanding these diseases is crucial for prevention and treatment.



Chlamydia is one of the most common bacterial STIs, often showing no symptoms, especially in women. When symptoms do occur, they may include abnormal genital discharge and a burning sensation during urination. Gonorrhoea, similarly, may be asymptomatic but can cause discharge and pain in the genital area. Syphilis presents in stages, initially causing sores and rashes, and if untreated, can lead to severe health issues affecting the heart and brain.

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